{"id":985,"date":"2026-02-15T22:00:31","date_gmt":"2026-02-15T18:30:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/?p=985"},"modified":"2026-02-17T22:12:11","modified_gmt":"2026-02-17T18:42:11","slug":"%d8%b3%d9%87-%d9%be%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a7%db%8c%d9%85-%d8%a8%d8%b4%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/%d8%b3%d9%87-%d9%be%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a7%db%8c%d9%85-%d8%a8%d8%b4%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0628\u0634\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0633\u0647-\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645-\u0627\u0632-\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a-\u0648-\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627-\u062f\u0631-\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e-\u0628\u0634\u0631-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-990\" srcset=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0633\u0647-\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645-\u0627\u0632-\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a-\u0648-\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627-\u062f\u0631-\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e-\u0628\u0634\u0631-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0633\u0647-\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645-\u0627\u0632-\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a-\u0648-\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627-\u062f\u0631-\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e-\u0628\u0634\u0631-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0633\u0647-\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645-\u0627\u0632-\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a-\u0648-\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627-\u062f\u0631-\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e-\u0628\u0634\u0631-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0633\u0647-\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645-\u0627\u0632-\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a-\u0648-\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627-\u062f\u0631-\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e-\u0628\u0634\u0631-600x400.png 600w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0633\u0647-\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645-\u0627\u0632-\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a-\u0648-\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627-\u062f\u0631-\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e-\u0628\u0634\u0631-455x303.png 455w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0633\u0647-\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645-\u0627\u0632-\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a-\u0648-\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627-\u062f\u0631-\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e-\u0628\u0634\u0631-267x178.png 267w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0633\u0647-\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645-\u0627\u0632-\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a-\u0648-\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627-\u062f\u0631-\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e-\u0628\u0634\u0631.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u061b \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 <strong>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a  \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0633\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a-\u0645\u0644\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 <a href=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%b5%d9%86%d8%b9%d8%aa%db%8c\/\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/a> \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1) \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0633\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644: \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>(Philosophical-Natural Knowledge Era)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u06f6 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f1\u06f6\u06f0\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u00bb \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0641\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06cc \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u00ab\u0639\u0644\u0645\u00bb \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0686\u062a\u0631 \u00ab\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc\u00bb \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u06cc (Unity of Knowledge)<\/strong><br>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f. \u0645\u0631\u0632 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a.<br>\u0646\u0632\u062f Aristotle\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628: \u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc<\/strong><br>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641<\/strong><br>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a.<br>\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c Ibn Sina \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/strong><br>\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u06a9\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u06a9\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0686\u0634\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"874\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-988\" srcset=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646.jpg 874w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646-256x300.jpg 256w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646-768x900.jpg 768w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646-341x400.jpg 341w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646-265x310.jpg 265w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646-175x205.jpg 175w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 874px) 100vw, 874px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0650 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 <strong>Ma\u2019at<\/strong> \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0648 \u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062f.<br>\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f.<br>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0634\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647_\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634_-_\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646--1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-987\" srcset=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647_\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634_-_\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646--1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647_\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634_-_\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646--300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647_\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634_-_\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646--768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647_\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634_-_\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646--1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647_\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634_-_\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646--2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647_\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634_-_\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646--533x400.jpg 533w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647_\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634_-_\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646--413x310.jpg 413w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647_\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634_-_\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646--267x200.jpg 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f.<br>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u00ab<a href=\"https:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7\">\u0627\u0634\u0627<\/a>\u00bb \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062a \u0632\u0631\u062a\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<br>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"894\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-986\" srcset=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image.png 894w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-300x228.png 300w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-768x584.png 768w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-526x400.png 526w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-408x310.png 408w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-267x203.png 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 894px) 100vw, 894px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u062d\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u00ab\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0628\u0648\u062f.<br>\u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Max Weber \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udd0e \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645:<br>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u00ab\u0637\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u00bb \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a.<br>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2) \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a-\u0645\u0644\u062a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645: \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>(Modern Scientific &amp; Disciplinary Era)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u06f1\u06f6\u06f0\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 (\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0647\u0647 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f8\u06f0)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0634\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0637\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc Galileo Galilei<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0646 Isaac Newton<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u00ab\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u00bb<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> \u062a\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0632\u062f Francis Bacon<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f (Hyper-Specialization)<\/strong><br>\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644: \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0648 &#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646<\/strong><br>\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200c\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645 (\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u06cc)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634<\/strong><br>\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u2014all \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u00ab\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u00bb<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0628<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0641\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u06af\u0631\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"894\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-986\" srcset=\"https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image.png 894w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-300x228.png 300w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-768x584.png 768w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-526x400.png 526w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-408x310.png 408w, https:\/\/northstarbusiness.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-267x203.png 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 894px) 100vw, 894px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648 \u0644\u0627\u06a9\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>J\u00fcrgen Habermas \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u00ab\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u00bb \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u00bb \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u00bb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f Hannah Arendt \u0648 Eric Voegelin \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0634\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u062d\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a-\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc  \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a-\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Charles Tilly \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0634<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3) \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645: \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>(Complexity &amp; Interdisciplinary Era)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0647\u0647 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f8\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0646\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 Ludwig von Bertalanffy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 Santa Fe Institute<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u062e\u0637\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0648\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc emergent<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0646\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/strong><br>\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u06cc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0634\u06a9\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/strong><br>\u0647\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc = \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u062a + \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0631 + \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc + \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc<br>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 = \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc + \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc + \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc<\/strong><br>\u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u062f\u0645\u200c\u0642\u0637\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/strong><br>\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0634\u062f. \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Manuel Castells \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u00ab\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u00bb \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u06cc\u062a \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Shoshana Zuboff \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00abSurveillance Capitalism\u00bb \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u00bb \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc (Dataism)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yuval Noah Harari \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u00abDataism\u00bb \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<br>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0686\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc <strong>\u0686\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a:<br>\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06af\u0631 \u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u00ab<strong>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634<\/strong>\u00bb\u060c \u00ab<strong>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a<\/strong>\u00bb\u060c \u00ab<strong>\u0645\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/strong>\u00bb \u0648 \u00ab<strong>\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647<\/strong>\u00bb \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u061b \u062f\u0631 <strong>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u062e\u0633\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0648 \u0630\u06cc\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0646 \u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 <strong>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645<\/strong>\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0634\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u061b \u062f\u0631 <strong>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645 <\/strong>\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u062e\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u0642\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0645\u200c\u067e\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0635\u0631<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u06af\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u00ab\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0639\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u200c\u067e\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<br>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a-\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\/\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u067e\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0645 \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644  \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062d\u06a9\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u00bb \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc: \u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u00bb \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645\u060c <strong>\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1. \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0648\u06a9 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2. \u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645: \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u2260 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u06a9\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u06a9\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u00ab\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u00bb \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 <strong>\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3. \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc (Skill Gap) \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u06a9\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u00ab\u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u00bb \u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u00bb \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f4. \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u06a9\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 <strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647: \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0626\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1) \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Max Weber (1978). <em>Economy and Society<\/em>. University of California Press.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a: \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assmann, J. (2001). <em>The Search for God in Ancient Egypt<\/em>. Cornell University Press.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 Ma\u2019at \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u2013\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kuhrt, A. (2007). <em>The Persian Empire: A Corpus of Sources from the Achaemenid Period<\/em>. Routledge.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kantorowicz, E. H. (1957). <em>The King\u2019s Two Bodies<\/em>. Princeton University Press.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u062d\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2) \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>J\u00fcrgen Habermas (1989). <em>The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere<\/em>. MIT Press.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Israel, J. (2011). <em>Democratic Enlightenment<\/em>. Oxford University Press.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u200c\u062f\u0645\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0633\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Charles Tilly (1990). <em>Coercion, Capital, and European States, AD 990\u2013\u06f1\u06f9\u06f9\u06f0<\/em>. Blackwell.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0647\u06af\u0630\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u06af\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3) \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u00bb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hannah Arendt (1951). <em>The Origins of Totalitarianism<\/em>. Harcourt.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eric Voegelin (1938\/1986). <em>The Political Religions<\/em>. University of Missouri Press.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u00bb \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aron, R. (1957). <em>The Opium of the Intellectuals<\/em>. Doubleday.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f4) \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Manuel Castells (1996\u2013\u06f1\u06f9\u06f9\u06f8). <em>The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture<\/em> (Vols. I\u2013III). Blackwell.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u00ab\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u00bb \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shoshana Zuboff (2019). <em>The Age of Surveillance Capitalism<\/em>. PublicAffairs.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yuval Noah Harari (2016). <em>Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow<\/em>. Harper.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Dataism (\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc-\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gillespie, T. (2018). <em>Custodians of the Internet<\/em>. Yale University Press.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u067e\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f5) \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u06a9\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Brzezinski, Z. (1970). Between Two Ages: America&#8217;s Role in the Technetronic Era. Viking Press.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u00ab\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u00bb (\u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Foucault, M. (2007). <em>Security, Territory, Population<\/em>. Palgrave.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645\u062a\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f\u06cc (governmentality) \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u06cc\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a-\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":990,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,12,6],"tags":[11],"class_list":["post-985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7","category-12","category-6","tag-11"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - 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